History Visually 1820 to 1877

1820 to 1877: Sectionalism, Civil War & Reconstruction

Why was Eli Whitney's invention of the cotton gin important?
A. It reduced the need for slave labor in the South.
B. It made cotton production more profitable, leading to the expansion of slavery.
C. It created the opportunity for the South to develop its first large textile factories.
D. Because it required skilled workers, it led to an explosion of educational and technical training opportunities in the South.

What were the most important causes of sectional conflicts in the 30 years leading up to the Civil War?
A. tariffs and slavery
B. the sale of western land and immigration
C. westward expansion and internal improvements
D. railroad routes and westward expansion

The Missouri Compromise contained all of the following conditions EXCEPT:
A. Slavery would not be permitted in Maine.
B . Slavery would be permitted in Missouri.
C . Slavery in lands in the Louisiana Purchase territory north of 36°30’ would be banned.
D . Nullification would be allowed south of 36°30’ in lands of the Louisiana Purchase.


What was the reaction to Turner's Rebellion and other slave revolts? A. harsher and more repressive slave laws were passed B. slaves were sent to live in the West C. Virginia voted to abolish slavery in 1836 D. abolitionism became popular in the South


Which of the following women led over 300 slaves to freedom before the Civil War, and then served as a nurse, a cook, a scout, and a spy for the Union during the war? A. Betsy Ross B. Molly Pitcher C. Harriet Beecher Stowe D. Harriet Tubman



What was the solution to the issue of slavery called for by William Lloyd Garrison’s publication The Liberator? A. gradual and compensated emancipation of slaves B. colonization of slaves outside of the United States C. immediate and uncompensated emancipation of slaves D. an open dialogue on the issue of slavery		After a falling-out with William Lloyd Garrison, this man - an escaped slave who became the best-known African-American in America, started his own paper, The North Star. A. W.E.B. duBois B. Booker T. Washington C. Frederick Douglass D. Marcus Garvey

The Compromise of 1850 included all of the following EXCEPT
A. a strengthened Fugitive Slave Law
B. permission to continue slavery but not slave auctions in Washington, D.C.
C. postponing a decision on the question of slavery in the California territory.
D. postponing a decision on the question of slavery in the Utah territory.


The publication of what book stimulated anti-slavery feeling in the North? A. John Brown’s Body B. Uncle Tom’s Cabin C. Walden D. Moby Dick Who was the author? A. Harriet Tubman B. Catherine Beecher C. Harriet Beecher Stowe D. Clara Barton



How did the Kansas-Nebraska Act resolve the issue of slavery in those areas? A. Slavery was not permitted in either territory. B. The terms of the Missouri Compromise were honored in establishing these territories. C. People who had held slaves before they moved to the territories were allowed to keep their slaves. D. Popular sovereignty would determine whether slavery would be permitted in the territories.		Who is the man featured above and why is he associated with the Kansas-Nebraska Act? A. Stephen A. Douglas; proposed popular sovereignty B. John Brown; fanaticism helped label region "Bleeding Kansas" C. William Lloyd Garrison; fought first battle of civil war D. Frederick Douglass; urged slaves to revolt, kill their masters


	The decision in Dred Scott v. Sandford did all the following EXCEPT A . overturn the Missouri Compromise and deny blacks citizenship B . outlaw the teaching of slaves to read and write. C . uphold the right of slave owners to their property in new territories. D. overturn the Compromise of 1850


	What was the primary reason why seven states seceded from the Union in 1860 and 1861? A. to protest the election of Abraham Lincoln as President B. to condemn the caning of Charles Sumner in the Senate C. to express their opposition to the Dred Scott decision D. to protest the Kansas-Nebraska Act
Which was the first state to secede from the Union? A. Mississippi B. Alabama C. Virginia D. South Carolina

The final Union war strategy - nicknamed the "Anaconda plan" and shown in the drawing above - included all the following components EXCEPT
A. guerrilla warfare.
B. a naval blockade.
C. seizing control of the Mississippi River
D. capturing Richmond


What was the spark that actually started the war? A. the split in the Democratic party B. the secession of the Southern states C. the bombardment of Ft. Sumter D. the formation of the Republican Party
	What battle is considered the turning point of the Civil War? A. Bull Run B. Antietam C. Gettysburg D. Appomattox
What were the greatest advantages for the North during the Civil War? A. their large population and diversified industrial base B. the training of their officers and their alliance with the British C. their large population and the strong support the Northern cause had throughout the South D. their ability to blockade Southern ports and their alliance with the French



Which of the following quotations is from the Gettysburg Address, a draft of which is pictured above? A. "We are not prepared for suffrage. But we can learn." B. "All persons held as slaves within any State ... in rebellion against the United States, shall be ... forever free." C. "The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here." D. "A house divided against itself cannot stand."

Robert E. Lee, pictured above, did not accept command of the Union forces because
A. he believed in slavery
B. he believed in secession
C. he could not fight against Virginia
D. he already commanded Confederate troops

The photo above is of a Northern army commander. Which commander is it?

A. Robert E. Lee
B. “Stonewall” Jackson
C. William T. Sherman
D. Ulysses S. Grant

Who was the Union general, pictured above, whose famous “March to the Sea” overran Atlanta and scorched much of Georgia?

A. George McClellan
B. William T. Sherman
C. Ulysses S. Grant
D. Robert E. Lee


Lincoln believed in all of the following EXCEPT: A. secession was illegal B. Reconstruction should quickly restore legitimate state governments that were loyal to the Union C. that the federal government should not punish the South D. that states should be placed under military occupation and not allowed to reenter the Union


Lincoln reading Emancipation Proclamation to group of cabinet advisers	The Emancipation Proclamation changed the goal of the Civil War for the North to: A. destroying the southern economy B. freeing the slaves C. industrializing the south D. obtaining help from other nations
What event formally ended slavery in the United States? A. the Emancipation Proclamation B. the Northern victory in the Civil War C. the end of the Ku Klux Klan D. the passage of the 13th Amendment to the Constitution

Where did the scene pictured above take place in April 1865?
A. New York
B. South Carolina
C. Washington, D.C.
D. Virginia


What was the most important immediate goal for the freed slaves? A. to acquire land B. to leave the South C. to participate in politics D. to participate in efforts to colonize freed slaves in Africa
Why was the Freedman’s Bureau established? A. to encourage freed slaves to vote B. to place Radical Republicans in political office in the South C. to make sure that each freed slave received his “40 acres and a mule” D to help former slaves gain the skills they needed to adjust to freedom What does the cartoon at right tell you about the Freedmen's Bureau? A. President Ulysses S. Grant renewed the program during his administration. B. President Andrew Johnson had no choice about the program; it was right in front of him C. President Andrew Johnson used his constitutional authority to end the program. D. President Ulysses S. Grant used his constitutional authority to end the program.

How did Southern states’ governments try to weaken President Johnson’s Reconstruction plan?
A. by refusing to pay their war debts
B. by passing black codes
C. by refusing to give jobs to freed slaves
D. by attempting to secede once again

Radicals Republicans passed the Reconstruction Act of 1867, part of which is pictured above. It included all the following EXCEPT
A. outlawing racial segregation
B. dividing the southern states into five military districts
C. setting up requirements for readmission to the Union
D. abolishing the state governments approved by President Johnson

When did Reconstruction in the South end?
A. when President Johnson was impeached
B. when Ulysses S. Grant was elected president
C. when an agreement was reached that allowed Republican Rutherford B. Hayes to become president.
D. when the Southern states admitted they were wrong and asked to be readmitted to the Union

What was the most significant failure of Reconstruction governments in the South?
A. They failed to re-establish the plantation system in order to rejuvenate the South’s flagging economy.
B. They failed to industrialize the region.
C. They failed to establish a public education system in the South.
D. They failed to change basic white attitudes or to reorganize the region’s social structure